employee loyalty definition pdf

However, employee satisfaction is an extremely important variable that can reflect the general mood and thinking of employees about the nature of work and the working environment and conditions. Does loyalty in the workplace have a future? Si, S., & Li, Y. Research shows overly loyal people are more likely to be exploited at work. ADS Retrieved on September 28, 2016 from: https://www.selfmedic.de/archiv/2012/team/vision-und-strategie/mit-begeisterte-kunden-und-motivierten-mitarbeitern-zum-erfolg. Meyer, S. & Collier, D. An empirical test of the causal relationships in the Baldrige health care pilot criteria. 56(1), 621 (1992). Our study also provides a useful reference for further studies of sustainable human resource management in mining. Many recent definitions do not acknowledge loyalty's moral elements, which had been a central part of early theoretical work in both management and philosophy. Liu et al.41 believe that enterprise image is the overall impression of an enterprise among the public. British Journal of Political Science, 4(1), 79107. Mershon International Studies Review, 38(1), 4368. Sci. Sustainability 10, 3687 (2018). Loyalty is an important value that can benefit you as a young professional in the start of a new job or career. (2002). used employee loyalty to create silos between departments, lose sight of what is ethical and unethical. Guillon, O., & Cezanne, C. (2014). But there is also such a thing as overvaluing loyalty or being blindly loyal, and thats typically bad. 54(2), 6982 (1990). Zohar and Luria12 believed that the security climate was a subset of organizational climate, and employees' behaviors were shaped by their expectations of organizational value and the reward system. (2007). British Journal of Industrial Relations, 41(1), 115134. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252099. 90, 616628 (2005). Oliver, R. (1999). Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(2), 127142. Chun, R. (2009). Academy of Management Review, 12(3), 460471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.06.033. Wissensmanagement, 4(1), 4244. (1991). Journal of Business Ethics, 53(12), 225233. Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings (pp. The influence of the perception of a familial climate on job performance: Mediation of loyalty to supervisors and moderation of filial behaviour. In discussing social exchange theory, it is believed that when one party behaves in a way that provides benefits to another party, an implied obligation for future reciprocity is created. Linz, S., Good, L. K., & Busch, M. (2015). The degree of that duty of loyalty is . Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 125139. Total Quality Management, 17(10), 12611271. How to measure the psychological contract? (1982). The relationships between demographic factors, factors related to miners' satisfaction and loyalty factors were used to predict miners' psychological status, and path analysis (SEM-maximum likelihood estimation) was used to test the model with a significance level of p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.001. https://doi.org/10.1177/109467059800100103. Therefore, this study uses the results of second-order CFA to implement SEM analyses. 4, 3638 (2003). Constr. Loyalty in business: Subversive doctrine or real need? Journal of Management, 26(3), 513563. Therefore, loyalty is characterized by a strong desire to remain a member of the organization, which plays a positive role in retaining members of the organization. Clugston, M., Howell, J. P., & Dorfman, P. W. (2000). Jacs, P. (2005). Interestingly, the field investigation showed that switching costs (H5: =0.039) have no significant impact on employees' degree of loyalty because the mining enterprise is located in a remote area with few alternative employment options, which greatly limits employees career prospects. Market. According to these hypotheses, a model was constructed, and the research framework developed in this study is shown in Fig. The results confirmed that employee satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between enterprise image and employee loyalty. 4, 1732 (2014). Strategic Management Journal, 14(1), 167179. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies, 11(2), 2933. Alvesson, M. (2000). Chen, C. Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and flight attendants turnover intentions: A note. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393235. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education International. J. Consum. In the CFA measurement model shown in Fig. Rice et al.26 proposed that satisfaction was to some extent determined by the differences generated in the process of psychological comparison, which involved the assessment of current work experience according to an individuals comparison criteria. & Tsigilis, N. Job satisfaction among Greek academic librarians. The target coefficient (T) is close to one, indicating that the second-order model is more representative. Mohamed, S. Safety climate in construction site environments. First, the missing values were excluded from the dataset. SEM is a multivariable technique that follows a conceptual model, path analysis diagram and relational regression equation system65. In the structural model of this study, all structural measurement items were adapted from the literature (see Table 1) and modified according to the feedback of three experts. Chen, S., Xu, K. & Yao, X. Empirical study of employee loyalty and satisfaction in the mining industry using structural equation modeling. (1991). Yu, K., Cao, Q., Xie, C., Qu, N. & Zhou, L. Analysis of intervention strategies for coal miners unsafe behaviors based on analytic network process and system dynamics. Sci. Since people's attitudes are always reflected in their behaviors, behaviors are most likely determined by attitudes. International Journal of Manpower, 14(6), 5866. Pfeiffer, R. S. (1992). 118, 119125 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2007.05.001. 14(2/3), 235248 (2004). Previous studies have shown that the advantage of using the second-order factor model in SEM is mainly to simplify the model and program for easy interpretation69. Cite this article. Employees' duty to employer. Google Scholar. 14, 251268 (2007). Loyalty: Whats it worth? Applications of structural equation modeling in psychological research. Traylor, M. B. Google Scholar. Effect on organizational citizenship behavior, supervisory fairness, and job satisfaction beyond the influence of leader-member exchange. Wayne, S. J., Shore, L. M., & Liden, R. C. (1997). Wuhan, China. 3, 121124 (2003). A. Both research and real life have shown that overly loyal people are more likely to participate in unethical acts to keep their jobs and be exploited by their organizations. Child Youth Care Forum 34, 1 (2005). Understanding and managing organizational behavior (5th ed.). J. Manag. The mean variance of each structure is shown in Table 4, and the relationship between the variance caused by relevant basic factors and the variance caused by measurement error is measured. Journal of Service Research, 1(1), 1831. 1. According to the theory and the special situation of the mining industry, this paper constructs the research concept hypothesis model. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2012.669930. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between employee loyalty and organizational performance. Management ethics impact on organizational loyalty. Take off your blindfold. Robbins, S. P. (2001). 82(4), 277294 (2006). International Management Journals, 3(1), 117. Eng. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Northeastern University (23-2019-0105). Reichers, A. E. (1985). Academy of Management Review, 28(4), 571586. https://doi.org/10.2307/258128. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7(1), 89117. 2(7/8), 949957 (2001). J. Appl. The psychological antecedents of employee referrals. Moreover, it seeks new safety management methods to effectively and safely improve production performance and enhance employee satisfaction and loyalty by improving work quality, for example, by optimizing the production process system, improving the treatment of employees to prevent brain drain, shaping a good enterprise image, improving work conditions, and improving employee satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 118. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(00)00047-7. A., Zahari, H., Nair, G. K. S., & Jusoff, K. (2009). Employee Loyalty Definition, Formula And Examples - EMPLOYEEPEDIA Life Science Journal, 10(9), 221229. Journal of Business Ethics, 68(12), 24642476. 8(4), 227236 (2001). Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 2(2), 121139. West Sussex: Wiley. The KI values ranged from 0.466 to 3.958, and the absolute value was less than 1047. Fletcher, C. & Williams, R. Performance management, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. 119(2), 367381 (2019). First, this mine is the largest copper mine production enterprise in China, and a series of face-to-face conversations with managers and miners indicate that there are a large number of miners in this mine with high mobility. https://doi.org/10.2307/255908. J. (2001). J. (2012). MathSciNet Google Scholar. Dissatisfied employees may stay in their old companies simply because they would have to spend extra time and effort to change companies, which is costly. People matter: Commitment to employees, strategy and performance in Korean firms. Social responsibility and ethics in the banking business: Myth or reality? & Bou-Llusar, J. Custom. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2002.7389930. Metall. (2006). Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). 84, 286296 (1999). Comput. The ironic value of loyalty dispute resolution strategies in worker cooperatives and conventional organizations. Reliability represents the variance of a measurement resulting from repeated measurements of the same concept. Birch, A. H. (1975). The Journal of Managerial Issues (JMI) is a management academic journal that is published quarterly and uses a double-blind, peer-reviewed process. Perceived organizational support and employee diligence, commitment, and innovation. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(16), 8090. For example, work quality in this paper is a multidimensional structure with second-order latent variables in four structures: comfortability, reliability, responsiveness and empathy. The employees psychological characteristics lead them to continue working at the high-risk enterprise. The reliability and robustness of the model are verified, and the results are satisfactory. Fornell, C. A national customer satisfaction barometer: The Swedish experience. Organisations- und Personalpsychologie (5th ed.). A case study of the senate employees in Jordan. Minchington, B. (2002). 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Kumar, D. N. S., & Shekhar, N. (2012). https://doi.org/10.1108/13673270210434359. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05182-2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-05182-2. Petty, G., Brewer, E. & Brown, B. This result suggests that improving enterprise image and reputation and employee treatment are important to employee satisfaction88. & Gerbing, D. Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230410552031. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2004.00137.x. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2011.580099. Beyond self-management: Antecedents and consequences of team empowerment. Personnel Review, 38(1), 4560. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4. Data Syst. Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & Pierce, J. R. (2008). https://doi.org/10.5430/jms.v4n3p65. Understanding and managing the human side of work (8th ed.). 117, 5966 (2017). Labour Econ. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 22(2), 141170. What HR managers do versus what employees value Exploring both parties views on retention management from a psychological contract perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(3), 278292. Libr. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(2), 239263. This research is helpful for plateau mine managers who wish to master the psychological contract of miners, which is critical to mine management decision-making and sustainable human resource management. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030160204. 14091413). Cheng, B.-S., Chou, L.-F., Wu, T.-Y., Huang, M.-P., & Farh, J.-L. (2004). (2012). Therefore, enterprise managers should create a good working environment and humanized management to improve employees' safety behavior and loyal attitude. Lai, C., Chiu, C., Yang, C. & Pai, D. The effects of corporate social responsibility on brand performance: The mediating effect of industrial brand equity and corporate reputation. However, the correlation values did not exceed the cutoff of 0.90, indicating that there was no multicollinearity problem between items77. Doll, W., Xia, W. & Torkzadeh, G. A confirmatory factor analysis of the end-user computing satisfaction instrument. However, the results may present the risk of common method variance16. The employer brand. Mele, D. (2001). https://doi.org/10.2307/3150948. Struct. The three predictors of the explicit variables represent the three aspects of conversion cost, work quality and enterprise image, all of which have a significant influence on employee loyalty through all or part of the mediating effect generated by satisfaction. (1998). =0.475(<1.96)) indicated a causal relationship between switching costs and employee loyalty through the complete mediating effect of employee satisfaction. (2009). Hart, D. W., & Thompson, J. Model fitting can be divided into three categories: absolute fitting (Chi-square (2), root mean square error approximation (RMSEA) and goodness-of-fit index (GFI)), incremental fitting (adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker- Lewis index (TLI), normed fit index (NFI)), and parsimonious fitting (Chi-square/degree of freedom (df))72. Hence, we also used Harman's single-factor test to detect common method bias in the data78. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 5(3), 201218. Second, the measurement model of CFA directly influences the quality of SEM, and SEM is almost the mean of CFA, indicating that the model is suitable for this study. The dimension of loyalty scale is based on the work of Kumar and Shah52,53,54; the dimension of work quality scale is derived from Parasuraman39 and Hong et al.55; and the dimension of employee satisfaction scale was adapted from Ibanez et al.39, Liu et al.41, Anderson et al.56 and Zhang57. PubMed https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00872319. Loyalty in business? Munich, Germany: Franz Vahlen Verlag. Martin, G., & Hetrick, S. (2006). To whom? The influence of employee satisfaction on employee loyalty is significantly positive (standardized =0.284, C.R. (2006). Schwetje, T. (1999). Table 7 presents these influences (i.e., direct, indirect and total effects). These four characteristics indicate that the quality of work is superior, reflecting employee satisfaction and, in turn, employee loyalty91,92. Loyalty now. Employer Branding. Part of Springer Nature. It was found that employee loyalty was positively correlated with labor productivity17. J. Appl. Sci. J. The best place to be. Brown, S., McHardy, J., McNabb, R., & Taylor, K. (2011). Philosophy in the Contemporary World, 14(1), 5059. Weinert, A. PubMed Central International Journal of Production Economics, 24(1), 109120. PDF Employee Loyalty, Organizational Performance & Performance Evaluation A Employees' duties to their employer include the duty of loyalty. 33, 135151 (2004). But even in good economic times, employees are also looking for the next big thing. (1998). https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650302041003006. A strategic approach to HR. Zhang, J., Xu, K., Reniers, G. & You, G. Statistical analysis the characteristics of extraordinarily severe coal mine accidents (ESCMAs) in China from 1950 to 2018. =4.064), all paths showed significant direct effects, supporting H1, H2, and H4. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. 139, 1926 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1086/209563. Journal of Knowledge Management, 6(3), 250261. Factors that lead to job satisfaction are called motivators and include achievement, recognition, the job itself, responsibility and promotion. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Expatriate and indigenous managers work loyalty and attitude toward risk. https://doi.org/10.1225/93210. All authors gave final approval for publication. Table 2 shows that all variables were significantly correlated (p<0.01). Employee Loyalty is the understanding of being faithful towards the organization. Dev. J. Constr. Larmer, R. A. A. In addition, this study mainly investigated the employees of mining enterprises in high-altitude and cold areas to establish an employee loyalty model. When you find yourself in a fraught, loyalty-influenced situation, try taking a step back and changing how you think about it. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393565. 97(3), 562582 (1985). Google Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2000.tb00202.x. Figure2 presents the standardized path coefficient estimation model. Rusbult, C. E., Farrell, D., Rogers, G., & Mainous, A. G., III. Zhu, W., Zeng, R., Li, X., Zhu, Y. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. J. Manag. Hirschmans loyalty concept. Lorincova, S., Hitka, M., Starchon, P. & Stachova, K. Strategic in struments for sustainability of human resource management in small and medium-sized enterprises using management data. Personal loyalty to superiors in public service. Organizations. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223989709603513. Hosp Health Netw. However, the contradiction between safety and production is the root cause of safety accidents. In this study, face-to-face questionnaires were employed. This book aims to provide a deeper understanding of the concept and negative outcomes of employee loyalty, considering employees in organizations and OB theory, and comparing employee experiences across both European and East Asian cultures. There is a significant positive correlation between enterprise image and employee loyalty.
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